Kazakhstan plays a significant role in the global nuclear energy landscape, primarily as the world’s largest producer of uranium. The country holds vast reserves and has developed a robust mining industry, supplying fuel for nuclear reactors worldwide. Major companies like Kazatomprom, Kazakhstan’s national atomic company, are key players in uranium extraction and export.

Though Kazakhstan does not currently operate nuclear power plants for electricity generation, discussions on establishing nuclear energy infrastructure have been ongoing for years. With a growing energy demand and a commitment to reducing reliance on fossil fuels, the government has considered constructing nuclear power plants.

Historically, Kazakhstan was home to the Semipalatinsk Test Site, where the Soviet Union conducted numerous nuclear tests, leaving lasting environmental and health consequences. This history makes nuclear policy a sensitive topic in the country.

Kazakhstan is also a leader in global non-proliferation efforts, housing the world’s first Low-Enriched Uranium (LEU) Bank, established with support from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This facility provides an alternative fuel supply to nations seeking peaceful nuclear energy, reinforcing Kazakhstan’s stance on responsible nuclear development and international cooperation. 

Find out where the country’s nuclear sites are located, and what goes on at each of them, on our interactive map of Kazakh nuclear sites.